The Lombok Treaty is an agreement between Australia and Indonesia that provides a framework for addressing traditional and non-traditional security challenges. It provides a strong legal framework for promoting bilateral dialogue, exchanges and the implementation of cooperation activities. The Government of the Republic of Indonesia and the Australian Government (the ”parties”), reaffirming the sovereign equality of the parties, their faith in the purposes and principles set out in the Charter of the United Nations and their desire to live in peace with all peoples and governments; Reaffirming the commitment to sovereignty, unity, independence and territorial integrity of both parties and the importance of the principles of good neighbourliness and non-interference in the internal affairs of the other, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, Considering that both parties are democratic, dynamic and outward-looking members of the region and the international community , Also aware of new global challenges, particularly as a result of international terrorism, traditional and non-traditional security threats; Further recognizing the importance of continued and enhanced cooperation to address the challenges of international terrorism and transnational crime; determined to cooperate to address these new challenges and threats; determined to maintain and strengthen bilateral cooperation and regular dialogue, including regular discussions on strategic, defence, intelligence, law enforcement and other issues; , economic, social and security cooperation between the two sides and their common regional interests and ties, including stability, progress and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region; Recognising the value of bilateral agreements and agreements between the two countries since 1959, including key bilateral security instruments, which have created a strong legal framework to address various security threats and problems, as well as the importance of existing dialogues and cooperation by the Indonesia-Australia Ministerial Forum (IAMF); Stressing also the importance of cooperating, through regional and international bodies, on security issues, in order to contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security, resolved to fulfil its obligations in good faith under generally accepted principles and rules of international law; Compliance with their respective laws and regulations; The first agreement, signed in 1995, was the first of its kind for Indonesia and was initially welcomed by both countries. [3] However, following the East Timor crisis in 1999, Indonesia abrogated the agreement and relations between the two countries became ”nosedived”.